9/15/2023 0 Comments Pinta disease![]() ![]() The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive. When you are receiving this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Drug InteractionsĪlthough certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding. There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related liver, kidney, or heart problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving this medicine. GeriatricĪppropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of penicillin G benzathine injection in the elderly. Safety and efficacy have been established. Pinta is thought to be transmitted by skin to skin contact (similar to bejel and yaws), and after an incubation period of two to three weeks, produces a raised papule, which enlarges and becomes hyperkeratotic (scaly/flaky).Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of penicillin G benzathine injection in children. Three to nine months later further thickened and flat lesions (pintids) appear all over the body. These generally resolve, but a proportion of people with pinta will go on to develop late-stage disease, characterised by widespread pigmentary change with a mixture of hyperpigmentation and depigmentation which can be disfiguring. Diagnosisĭiagnosis is usually clinical, but as with yaws and bejel, serological tests for syphilis such as Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and TPHA will be positive, and the spirochaetes can be seen on dark field microscopy of samples taken from the early papules. ![]() The disease can be treated with penicillin, tetracycline, or chloramphenicol, and can be prevented through contact tracing by public health officials.Yaws is a relatively unknown disease in the developed world, but in poor tropical areas of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Western Pacific, it is common and can lead to disfigurement and disability. Yaws is the most common endemic treponematoses, a group of bacterial infections that also includes nonvenereal syphilis and pinta. All of these infections are transmitted through non-sexual contact with an infected person. They can cause skin lesions, bone pain, bone lesions, nose deformities and the thickening or cracking of a person’s hands and soles of the feet. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 75% of infected people are under 15 years of age, with most cases seen in children aged 6 to 10. Gender is not a determining factor of infection. Yet, WHO states that “overcrowding, poor hygiene and socioeconomic conditions facilitate the spread of the yaws.” Yaws is spread through skin-to-skin contact, usually after a small injury occurs, something common when children play. The disease is not life-threatening, which is likely why it became a neglected disease in the scope of global disease work. But if left untreated, a person can become permanently disfigured and disabled. Such a diagnosis is bad for anyone infected with the disease, but since mostly children suffer from yaws, it becomes a life-long issue if not resolved quickly. When a child contracts yaws, their ability to go to school is jeopardized. If left untreated, absenteeism rises among children and their future employment, especially feeding their families through farming, is impacted. It has long since been thought that yaws could be a disease that can have complete eradication since humans are the only carriers of the disease. Previously, initiatives to eradicate yaws were undertaken with almost complete success. But the mass effort was prematurely lifted and the disease returned, though not quite on the same scale as before. ![]() Recently, the idea of complete eradication has come back up. The two most effective antibiotics to treat yaws are azithromycin and benzathine penicillin, both of which can be given with relative ease. Even though no vaccine is available for yaws, if early diagnosis is achieved, treatment with the antibiotics can occur and sanitation can be improved to help stop the spread of the disease. ![]()
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